Wige uburyo bwo kuvura ubushyuhe bushobora gukoreshwa mubyuma byinshi bivanze kugirango utezimbere cyane ibintu byingenzi byumubiri nkubukomezi, imbaraga hamwe na mashini.
Intangiriro
Kuvura ubushyuhe birashobora gukoreshwa mubyuma byinshi bivanze kugirango bitezimbere cyane ibintu byingenzi bifatika (urugero gukomera, imbaraga cyangwa imashini).Izi mpinduka zibaho bitewe no guhindura microstructure kandi rimwe na rimwe, imiterere yimiti yibikoresho.
Ubwo buvuzi burimo gushyushya ibyuma bivanze nicyuma (mubisanzwe) ubushyuhe bukabije, hagakurikiraho intambwe yo gukonja mugihe cyagenwe.Ubushyuhe ibikoresho birashyuha, igihe kibitswe kuri ubwo bushyuhe nigipimo cyo gukonja byose bigira ingaruka cyane kumiterere yanyuma yumubiri wibyuma.
Muri iyi ngingo, twasuzumye uburyo bwo kuvura ubushyuhe bujyanye nibyuma bikoreshwa cyane mubyuma bya CNC.Mugusobanura ingaruka zibi bikorwa kumiterere yicyiciro cya nyuma, iyi ngingo izagufasha guhitamo ibikoresho bikwiye kubyo usaba.
Ni ryari kuvura ubushyuhe bikoreshwa
Kuvura ubushyuhe birashobora gukoreshwa mubyuma biva mubikorwa byose.Kubice bya CNC byakozwe, kuvura ubushyuhe bikoreshwa mubisanzwe:
Mbere yo gutunganya CNC: Iyo urwego rusanzwe rwicyuma rusabwa rushobora kuboneka byoroshye, utanga serivise ya CNC azahita akora ibice bivuye muri ibyo bikoresho.Akenshi nuburyo bwiza bwo kugabanya ibihe byo kuyobora.
Nyuma yo gutunganya CNC: Bimwe mubivura ubushyuhe byongera cyane ubukana bwibikoresho cyangwa bikoreshwa nkintambwe yo kurangiza nyuma yo gukora.Muri ibi bihe, kuvura ubushyuhe bikoreshwa nyuma yo gutunganya CNC, kuko ubukana bwinshi bugabanya imashini yibikoresho.Kurugero, ibi nibikorwa bisanzwe mugihe CNC itunganya ibikoresho byuma.
Ubuvuzi busanzwe kubikoresho bya CNC
Annealing, kugabanya imihangayiko & ubushyuhe
Kwiyunvira, kurakara no guhagarika umutima byose bikubiyemo gushyushya ibyuma bivanze nubushyuhe bwo hejuru hamwe no gukonjesha ibintu ku gipimo gito, ubusanzwe mu kirere cyangwa mu ziko.Baratandukanye mubushyuhe ibikoresho bishyushye kandi bikurikirana muburyo bwo gukora.
Muri annealing, icyuma gishyushya ubushyuhe bwinshi cyane hanyuma kigakonja buhoro kugirango ugere kuri microstructure yifuza.Annealing isanzwe ikoreshwa mubyuma byose bivanze nyuma yo kubikora na mbere yandi yose yatunganijwe kugirango byoroshe kandi bitezimbere imikorere yabyo.Niba ubundi buryo bwo kuvura ubushyuhe budasobanutse, ibice byinshi bya CNC byakorewe bizaba bifite ibintu bifatika bya leta ihujwe.
Kugabanya imihangayiko bikubiyemo gushyushya igice kugeza ku bushyuhe bwo hejuru (ariko munsi ya annealing) kandi mubisanzwe bikoreshwa nyuma yo gutunganya CNC, kugirango bikureho imihangayiko isigaye ituruka mubikorwa byo gukora.Ubu buryo ibice bifite imiterere yubukorikori ihamye byakozwe.
Ubushyuhe kandi bushyushya igice ku bushyuhe buri munsi ya annealing, kandi ubusanzwe bwakoreshwaga nyuma yo kuzimya (reba igice gikurikira) ibyuma byoroheje (1045 na A36) hamwe nicyuma kivanze (4140 na 4240) kugirango bigabanye ubukana bwabo no kunoza imikorere yubukanishi.
Kuzimya
Kuzimya bikubiyemo gushyushya ibyuma kugeza ku bushyuhe bwo hejuru cyane, bigakurikirwa nintambwe yo gukonjesha byihuse, mubisanzwe ushira ibikoresho mumavuta cyangwa mumazi cyangwa guhura numugezi wumuyaga ukonje.Gukonjesha byihuse "gufunga" impinduka muri microstructure ibikoresho bigenda iyo bishyushye, bikavamo ibice bikomeye cyane.
Ibice bisanzwe bizimya nkintambwe yanyuma mubikorwa byo gukora nyuma yo gutunganya CNC (tekereza kubacuzi binjiza ibyuma byabo mumavuta), kuko ubukana bwiyongereye butuma ibikoresho bigora imashini.
Ibikoresho by'ibikoresho bizimya nyuma yo gutunganya CNC kugirango igere ku burebure bwo hejuru cyane.Uburyo bwo gutondeka burashobora gukoreshwa mugucunga gukomera.Kurugero, Igikoresho cyuma A2 gifite ubukana bwa 63-65 Rockwell C nyuma yo kuzimya ariko irashobora guhindurwa ubukana buri hagati ya 42 na 62 HRC.Ubushyuhe bwongerera igihe cya serivisi igice, kuko kigabanya ubukana (ibisubizo byiza bigerwaho kubukomere bwa 56-58 HRC).
Gukomera kw'imvura (gusaza)
Imvura ikomera cyangwa gusaza ni amagambo abiri akunze gukoreshwa mugusobanura inzira imwe.Gukomera kw'imvura ni intambwe eshatu: ibikoresho byabanje gushyuha ubushyuhe bwo hejuru, hanyuma bikazimya hanyuma bigashyuha kugeza ku bushyuhe bwo hasi mugihe kirekire (ashaje).Ibi bitera ibibyimba bivanze bigaragara nkibice bitandukanijwe bigize ibice bitandukanye kugirango bishonge kandi bigabangane kimwe muri matrike yicyuma, muburyo bumwe isukari ya kristu isukamo mumazi mugihe igisubizo gishyushye.
Nyuma yimvura igoye, imbaraga nubukomezi bwibyuma bivanze byiyongera cyane.Kurugero, 7075 ni aluminiyumu, ikoreshwa cyane mu nganda zo mu kirere, kugirango ikore ibice byimbaraga zingana ugereranije nicyuma kitagira umwanda, mugihe gifite uburemere butarenze inshuro 3.
Urubanza Gukomera & carburizing
Gukomera cyane ni umuryango wokuvura ubushyuhe bivamo ibice bifite ubukana bwinshi hejuru yabyo, mugihe ibikoresho byo kumurongo bikomeza byoroshye.Ibi bikunze guhitamo kuruta kongera ubukana bwigice mubunini bwacyo (urugero, mukuzimya), kuko ibice bikomeye nabyo biroroshye.
Carburizing nikintu gikunze kuvura ubushyuhe.Harimo gushyushya ibyuma byoroheje mubidukikije bikungahaye kuri karubone no kuzimya igice kugirango ufunge karubone muri matrice yicyuma.Ibi byongera ubukana bwubuso bwibyuma muburyo busa na anodizing byongera ubukana bwubuso bwa aluminiyumu.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gashyantare-14-2022